平台转换技术对种植体-骨界面影响的组织学观察

Histological observation of implant-bone interface in immediate loading implant with platform switching

目的观察种植牙即刻负重时平台转换技术对种植体-骨界面的影响。方法比格犬5只，拔除下颌双侧第四前磨牙，3个月后植入10枚种植体并即刻接入基台形成即刻负重。采用自身对照，实验侧5枚种植体采用平台转换设计基台，对照侧5枚种植体采用传统基台。种植体植入3个月后处死实验动物，制作不脱钙种植体-骨组织磨片后组织学观察。结果除1只动物（2枚种植体）即刻负重失败，余4只动物（8枚种植体）的种植体-骨界面骨结合良好，可见大量成骨细胞与矿化程度不等的骨组织。实验侧种植体颈部骨质与种植体颈部基本平齐，对照侧种植体颈部出现明显骨吸收。结论即刻负重种植修复时，不同的上部结构对种植体颈部骨结合有明显影响，平台转换技术有利于种植体颈部的骨组织保存。

Objective To investigate the effect of implant superstructure with platform switching to the osseointegration of implant-bone interface in immediate loading. Methods The bilateral mandiblular fourth premolars of 5 beagle dogs were extracted, and 3 months later, 10 implants were implanted and the abutments were accessed immediately to form immediate loading. Using self-control, the abutment with platform switching was used in the experimental side, and the traditional abutment used in the control side. The experimental animals were sacrificed after 3 months, and non-decalcified implant-bone sections were made. Results A favorable osseointegration of implant-bone interface in 4 animals （8 implants ） was observed except for one failed case. A large number of osteoblasts and different mineralized bone were observed. In experimental side, the bone and implant-neck were nearly in the same level, but the bone around the implant-neck was significantly absorbed in control side. Conclusions Using different superstructure in immediate loading could affect the osseointegration of implant-neck. The platform switching technology is conducive to the keeping of implant-neck bone.