长果形两性花黄瓜的选育及利用初报

PRELIMINARY REPORT ON SELECTION AND UTILIZATION OF HERMAPHRODITIC CUCUMBER WITH LONG FRUIT

两性花类型黄瓜是用来作为雌型黄瓜制种的有效方法。我们用自己先前育成的‘铁皮青’雌性系与雄花两性花品种‘柠檬’杂交和多次回交,育成了长果形的两性花黄瓜新品系,并证实了它在黄瓜育种上的使用价值。这类长果形两性花黄瓜的长度近20cm,长势强健。以纯合基因型雌性系与之配制的杂交组合,一般植株都是全雌的表型,因而完全适用于三交种的制种要求;而由杂合基因型的雌性系与雄花两性花类型材料所配制的杂交组合,在夏秋栽培条件下,植株会有较多的雄花出现。雌性系×两性花系×普通品种所配制的三交种,果实长度因杂交亲本而异,通常都在25-30cm以上。这样的瓜长基本符合市场的需要。

Using hermaphroditic cucumber as a pollen parent is known to be an effective method of seed production for gynoecious hybrid cucumber. Being multiply back-crossed a gynoecious line 'Tie-pi-qing' we developed previously with an andromonoecious cvr. Lemon, some new hermaphroditic cucumbers with long fruit has been selected and proved beneficially in our practice of gynoecious cucumber seed production. It's length is around 20 cm. Moreover, the plants grow vigorously in the field. In the crossing of homozygous gynoecious lines with hermaphrodites, all plants of the Fl hybrid are female, and male flowers will be usually produced on the plants grown in summer condition, if heterozygous gynoecious and andromonoecious parents are used. In the triple crosses, gynoecious × hermaphrodite × monoecious, the hybrid fruits have been more than 25-30cm average in length, which can fulfill to the requirements of market for some areas accustomed to long fruit of cucumber.