适应范式在人脸知觉研究中的应用

Visual Adaptation as a Tool of Face Perception Study

适应范式为考察各种心理现象或心理过程的机制提供了一条重要的途径。本文在简要介绍传统适应范式和功能性磁共振适应范式的基础上,重点回顾了它们在人脸知觉研究中的应用,提出人脸适应后效除源于尺寸和朝向等低、中水平物理信息的编码加工外,更多地基于身份和性别等高水平社会信息的编码,且其效应量依赖于高水平的基于标准的竞争性编码加工机制。对人脸类别属性的编码标准和时效性等问题仍有待进一步分析。

Visual adaptation offers a window into ing processes of various psychological the underly- phenomena. In this review, with a briefing of psychophysical ad- aptation and functional magnetic resonance imaging adaptation （fMRIa）, we focus on the evidence from studies employing visual adaptation to investigate human face perception. These studies suggest that the face aftereffects are not only due to adaptation to the low/median-level physical features （e. g. , size and orientation）, but also due to adaptation to the high-level social attributes （e. g. , identity and gender）, and the aftereffect size is dependent on a norm-based opponent neural coding model. The nature of category-specific norm and time-course dy- namics in face adaptation awaits further investigation.