重大水利水电工程施工实时控制关键技术及其工程应用

Key technologies of real-time construction control for major hydraulic and hydroelectric projects

高心墙堆石坝和高混凝土坝的施工质量与施工进度控制是工程建设的重要技术问题。针对常规人工控制手段难以确保高心墙堆石坝施工质量,以及高强度连续施工下高混凝土坝施工进度难以实时控制等问题,提出了高心墙堆石坝填筑碾压质量实时监控技术、坝料上坝运输过程实时监控技术和施工质量动态信息PDA实时采集技术,实现了大坝填筑碾压全过程的全天候、精细化、在线实时监控;在建立高混凝土坝施工进度实时控制数学模型基础上,提出了施工进度实时预警与动态调整方法,为高混凝土坝施工进度的实时预测、适时预警、动态调整与优化提供了分析手段;提出了网络环境下数字大坝系统集成技术,研制开发了数字大坝系统,为大坝竣工验收、安全鉴定及运行管理提供了支撑平台。成果已应用于10余项重大工程,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。

The quality control and schedule control are the significant technical problems in high core rock- fill dam and high concrete dam construction. The conventional quality control methods exhibit difficulty to ensure construction quality of high core rock-fill dam and to control timely schedule of high concrete dam under high-inten- sity continuous construction. Real-time compaction quality monitoring technology of high core rock-fill dam, real- time entire-process monitoring technology of dam materials transportation and real-time acquisition technology for dynamic information of construction quality using personal digital assistant devices （PDAs） are proposed, which re- alize the precise automatic online entire-process monitoring of compaction and transportation. In addition, based on an established mathematical model of concrete dam schedule real-time control, the method of timely warning and dynamic adjustment of construction schedule is proposed to provide means for schedule prediction, appropriate warning, dynamic adjustment and optimization of high concrete dam construction schedule. Furthermore, system integration technique for digital dam on Internet is presented, and a digital dam system is developed, which provides a supporting platform for dam final acceptance, safety assessment and operation management. The abovementioned technologies have been applied to more than 10 major hydro-electric projects with achieving remarkable economic and social benefits.