云南省烤烟新品系生物学表型特征分类及区域适应性研究

Study on Biological Characters Classification and Regional Adaptability for Yunnan Province Tobacco Lines

为准确地鉴定烤烟新品系在寻甸烟区的适应性以及识别其生物学特征特性,旨在为云南省烟草品种的审定和区域化种植提供科学依据.2011年,寻甸试点以MSK326为对照,对供试的6个烤烟新品系采用随机完全区组设计进行了小区品比试验.结果表明:1)在封顶期按照生物学的数量性状可分为3类,第1类(YK01)主要表现为营养生长期长,株高、叶数优势明显,现蕾和中心花开放期明显推迟;第2类(包括云烟112与云烟118)主要表现为株高、叶数有优势,叶片较窄,现蕾至中心花开放的间隔时间延长;第3类(包括云烟117、云烟116和云烟206)与对照相似,主要表现为株高偏矮,有效叶数偏少,营养生长期较短.2)从品种区域适应性看,云烟116适应性最强,大田期烟株生长势强、无高发某一种病害、各项经济指标及原烟外观质量均优于或相当于对照;YK01、云烟112、云烟117和云烟206适应性中等,均需要通过预防某一种或两种高发病害、研究配套烘烤工艺或者改善栽培措施来提高产质量;云烟118的适应性最差,大田期烟株生长势弱,易发3种病害,现蕾期易缺钾,烟叶落黄速度慢,且烘烤性较差。

To identify accurately the adaptability of 6 new flue-cured tobacco strains in Xundian area and their biological characteristics to provide scientific basis for examining and approving of tobacco varieties and regional planting. Six new strains and MSK326 （CK） were tested by randomized blocks design at Xundian in 2011. The results showed that： 1 ） 6 new lines could be divided into three categories according to biological quantitative traits. The first class （YK01） had a long nutrition vegetative period, tall plant height and many leaf numbers. The second class, Including Yunyan 112 and Yunyan 118, their plant height and leaf number had a little advantage, leaf width was narrow, and interval period from flower buds to centre flower open was prolonged. The third class, including Yanyan 117 ,Yunyan 116 and Yunyan 206, was similar to MSK326, which had short plant height, leaf number and nutrition vegetative period. 2） From variety regional adaptability aspect, Yunyan 116 was the best, YK01, Yunyan 112, Yunyan 117 and Yunyan 206 bet ter, and Yunyan 118 the worst which was suggested to eliminate.