地被菊新品种选育研究

STUDIES ON BREEDING GROUND-COVER CHRYSANTHEMUM NEW CULTIVARS

本文采用远缘杂交后连续选择的方法,对菊花新品种群——地被菊进行了研究。母本多采用‘美矮粉’和早菊品种等,父本则多采用菊属野生种(含半野生种)毛华菊、小红菊、甘野菊、野菊、紫花野菊以及‘北京菊’等。结果选育出一套抗性强、开花繁密、花期集中于“十一”前后或较长、植株较矮或匍匍状、管理粗放、适合于露地栽植过冬的地被菊新品种10个以上。

For breeding new cultivars of ground-cover chrysanthemum, the authors have tried to create new cross combinations and distant hybridization between the florists' chrysanthemum and 6 ~ 7 'wild species and semi-wild sort of Dendranthema ( DC. ) Des Moul. In this experiment, 'Mei Ai Feng', a dwarf cultivar selected from the chrysanthemum seedlings, was used freely as the seed parent. The pollen parents were wild species of Dendranthema,as D. vestitum(Hemsl.) Ling, D. indicum (L.) Des Moul., D. zawadskii (Herd.) Tzvel., D. chanetii (Levl.) Shih, D. lavendulifolium ( Fisch. ex Trautv. ) Ling et Shih, and D. 'Pekinense' ( D. indicum × D. chanetii). The result of this breeding experiment is that more than 10 new cultivars of ground-cover chrysanthemum selected are dwarf or creeping, with lots of small flowers ( 4 ~ 6 cm across ) , being especially resistant to adverse environmental conditions such as cold,drought, alkaline and saline soil, half-shade, pollution, and other severe environmental factors.They are full of strength to cover the land soon and arc very easy to manage. They are easy to be planted in the open space in gardens, parks and scenic areas of Beijing and other northern cities in large quantities, especially for street greening.