雷电冲击下棒-板间隙空间电场的测量

Measurement of Lightning Impulse Electric Field in Rod-plate Air Gap

长空气间隙放电特性是特高压输电技术的重要研究内容,电场测量作为其重要研究手段,是近年来的研究热点之一。为此,建立了以高场强光电集成电场传感器为核心的空间电场测量系统。利用平板电极对电场测量系统进行校准,获得系统的输入输出特性;通过时域波形对比,证明测量系统具有良好的动态响应特性。利用该系统对1m棒-板间隙在正极性雷电冲击电压作用下的空间电场进行定量测量,得到了空间电场的时域波形。采用模拟电荷法,对试验条件下的电场幅值进行计算,实测值与理论计算结果比较相符,其最大误差<5%,证明该空间电场测量系统完全可以用于空气间隙放电电场的定量测量,为长空气间隙放电提供了重要的研究手段。

The research on the characteristic of long air gap discharge is of great importance to the development of ultra high voltage（UHV） power transmission technology.Consequently,we proposed an electric field measurement system based on the integrated electro-optical technology to measure the electric field in long air gap discharge under positive lightning impulse voltage.By calibrating the system in the parallel plane electrodes,we obtained the input and output performances and measurement range of the system.Moreover,on the basis of the 1 m air gap test platform,we obtained the typical electric field waveform.It was proved that the system had small errors and good time domain characteristics under lightning impulse voltage.Thereby,we measured the axis electric field in a 1 m rod-plane gap energized by positive lightning impulse voltage,and adopted the charge simulation method（CSM） to calculate the Laplace fields on the sensor points.Comparison of the measurement and calculation results revealed that they agreed very well and the max error was less than 5%.Furthermore,the electric field measurement system will be well used in analyzing the space charge electric field and provide the important research method of long air gap discharge.