阈下抑郁高中生抑郁症状追踪研究

Longitudinal study on depressive symptoms among high school students with subthreshold depression

目的探讨阈下抑郁高中生的自身认知和生活事件对其抑郁症状的影响,为提高高中生的心理健康水平提供依据。方法用青少年生活事件量表、流调中心用抑郁量表和自身认知问卷等自评量表对143名阈下抑郁高中生追踪调查2 a,用多层线性模型分析数据。结果阈下抑郁的终生发生率为22.9%;生活事件(b=0.16,P<0.01)和自身认知(b=1.74,P<0.05)可预测追踪期间抑郁症状的变化;生活事件和自身认知的交互作用也可预测追踪期间抑郁症状的变化(b=0.04,P<0.05)。在遭遇生活事件后,自信心较低者抑郁症状会明显高于自信心较高者,而且随着生活事件应激水平的增加,自信心较低者抑郁症状加重的速度也会明显高于自信心较高者。结论生活事件会加重抑郁症状,而自信心较低会加强这一影响。

Objective To examine the effects of confidence and life events on depressive symptoms among high school students with subthreshold depression.Methods By using Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale（CES-D） and Adolescent Life Events Questionnaire（ALEQ）,a total of 143 high school students with subthreshold depression were surveyed.Every three months for the next 2 years,life events and depressive symptoms were reassessed.Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear model.Results The prevalence rate of lifetime subthreshold depression was 22.9%.The life events（b=0.16,P〈0.05） and confidence（b=1.74,P〈0.05） and the interaction between them（b=0.04,P〈0.05） could predict the change of depression symptoms.Lower levels of confidence were associated with greater increases in depressive symptoms following the occurrence of life events in high school students with subthreshold depression.Conclusion Life events can aggravate the symptom of depression,and lower self-confidence has more influences on it.