炭膜基亲水性无机微滤动态膜的制备研究

Preparation of Carbon Based Hydrophilic Inorganic Microfiltration Dynamic Membranes

以水包油型油水乳化液分离为背景,以多孔管状炭膜为载体,以高岭土、ZrO2和Al2O3三种微米级无机颗粒为涂膜材料,对亲水性无机动态膜的制备进行初步的实验研究。实验采用错流操作方式在膜管内表面涂覆动态膜,考察涂膜过程中渗透通量随时间的变化,研究涂膜颗粒种类、载体平均孔径、制备操作压力、错流速度、涂膜液温度及涂膜液中阳离子浓度对动态膜结构及制备过程渗透通量的影响。实验结果表明,高岭土和ZrO2微米级颗粒是较适宜的炭膜基动态膜涂膜材料,且两种动态膜的渗透通量均随载体平均孔径的增大而增大、随操作压力和涂膜液温度的提高而提高;对高岭土动态膜的研究发现,其渗透通量随错流速度的增大而提高;对ZrO2动态膜的研究发现,其渗透通量随涂膜液中阳离子浓度的增大先减小后增大。

Aiming at cross-flow microfiltration of oil-in-water emulsions,the hydrophilic dynamic membranes were prepared on the inner surface of porous tubular carbon support.Three kinds of hydrophilic inorganic particles,i.e.,kaolin,zirconium oxide（ZrO2） and aluminum oxide（Al2O3）,were used respectively as coating materials to form the membranes.The variations of membrane permeation flux with time were examined during coating.The effects of coating material species,average pore size of the support,operation pressure,cross-flow velocity,coating solution temperature and cation concentration in the coating solution were investigated.The surface structures of prepared dynamic membranes were observed from their SEM images.Experimental results show that the kaolin and ZrO2 are appropriate coating materials for preparing dynamic membranes.The permeation flux increases with the increases of average support pore size,operation pressure and solution temperature.For the kaolin dynamic membrane,the permeate flux increases with the increase of cross-flow velocity;and for the ZrO2 dynamic membrane,the permeate flux increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of the cation concentration in the coating solution.