泼洒石灰水对鱼蚌混养水体中浮游生物群落结构的影响

Effect of quicklime water-spraying on plankton population in the Hyriopsis schlegeli culture ecosystem

研究了泼洒石灰水后鱼蚌混养水体系统中浮游生物的演化规律。实验设计了三组Ca2+浓度水平(6、18、45 mg/L),时间为2个月。结果发现:施加不同浓度石灰水后,池蝶蚌(Hyriopsis schlegeli)养殖系统水体中浮游生物的数量、生物量和优势种群随时间出现变化。浮游植物总数的变化和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数的变化在不同取样时间三个水平间均差异不显著。浮游动物密度的变化在8月30日(泼洒后0 d)和9月7日(泼洒后8 d)三个水平间差异显著,而叶绿素含量的变化在9月7日(泼洒后8 d)三个水平间具有显著差异性。浮游植物优势种群演化明显,而浮游动物优势种群均为原生生物。叶绿素a与总磷极显著正相关,浮游植物总数变化与TP变化和与NH3-N变化分别呈显著正相关和显著负相关,浮游动物总数变化与TP变化呈正相关,与TN变化呈负相关。结合Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和水体的理化指标数据,认为本试验养殖水体属于富营养水平。

The influence on the plankton＇s growth and amount in Hyriopsis schlegeli culture ecosystem after quicklime water-spraying was studied. Three different levels of [ Ca^2＋ ] （6mg/L, 18 mg/L, 45 mg/L） were included in a two-month experiment. The result showed that after quicklime water-spraying, the growth , amount and biomass of plankton changed to some extent. The variety of phytoplankton amounts and Shannon-Wiener indexes at three different levels had no significant differences during the experiment, while, the content of chl-a and amounts of zooplankton in water samples at 0d and 7 d were significantly different at different levels. The phytoplankton＇s superiority population changed more obvious compared with that of zooplankton. The content of chl-a and total phosphorus were significantly correlated, the amount variance of phytoplankton was also correlated with total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen, so was zooplankton with total phosphorus and total nitrogen. According to the values of Shannon-Wiener diversity indices and physicochemical indexes, The culturing water were in a state of eutrophication.