花烛突变体叶色嵌合性状的分化特征与保持方法

Differentiation characteristics and retention method of leaf color chimera feature of mutated plantlet of Anthurium andraeanum

以花烛品种‘Sonate’(Anthurium andraeanum‘Sonate’)的叶色嵌合型无菌苗为材料,对顶芽失去嵌合性状的16个单株分别进行单芽培养,观察侧芽及茎基部再生过程中叶色嵌合性状的分化特征;并据此归纳花烛突变体叶色嵌合性状的保持方法。结果表明:处于增殖和生根阶段的花烛突变单株侧芽再生植株的嵌合率分别为25.0%～75.0%和25.0%～66.7%,总的嵌合率分别为48.4%和47.8%,具有嵌合性状的侧芽再生植株均萌发于嵌合叶片的叶腋处;处于生根阶段的突变单株的茎基部也能再生出嵌合植株,嵌合率为33.3%～80.0%,总的嵌合率达到64.7%。研究结果显示:通过单芽离体培养的方法可以解决花烛突变体顶芽叶色嵌合性状消失的问题,且应用侧芽再生(增殖与生根阶段)或基部再生(生根阶段)的方法可以保持突变植株的嵌合性状。

Using asepsis seedlings of leaf color chimera type of Anthurium andraeanum ＇Sonate＇ as the experimental materials,single-bud cultures of sixteen individuals without top bud chimera feature were carried out,and differentiation characteristics of leaf color chimera feature during regeneration process of axillary bud and stem basal part were observed.And based on observation results,the retention method of leaf color chimera feature of mutated plantlet of A.andraeanum was summed up.The results show that chimera percentage of regenerated plantlets from axillary buds of mutated plantlets in proliferation and rooting phases is 25.0%-75.0% and 25.0%-66.7% and total chimera percentage is 48.4% and 47.8%,respectively.The regenerated plantlets from axillary buds with chimera feature are all burgeoned from axils of chimera leaves.And chimera plantlet can also be regenerated from the stem basal part of mutated plantlets in rooting phase with a chimera percentage of 33.3%-80.0% and total chimera percentage of 64.7%.It is concluded that the problem of losing leaf color chimera feature of top bud of mutated plantlet of A.andraeanum could be resolved by single-bud in vitro culture.And chimera feature of mutated plantlet can be retained with axillary bud（in proliferation and rooting phases） and basal part（in rooting phase） regeneration cultures.