基于五轴机床的叶轮实体建模与加工

Solid modeling and machining of the impeller based on five-axis machine tool

由于整体叶轮的叶片是扭曲的,在建模和加工方面都有极大的困难。相比三轴加工机床,五轴机床具有较高的生产率和较好的加工质量等优点。根据实际工程数据,选用Pro/Engineer软件对实体叶轮进行造型,并对整体叶轮数控加工的走刀路径进行了分析和研究,针对干涉问题,选取刀轴自动避让功能,并定义刀轴限界功能。成功将NC程序从Powermill软件中导入到DEMAGE五轴机床。并以某离心式压缩机整体叶轮产品为例进行了加工验证,加工出了实体产品。实验结果表明选用的加工方法和工艺是非常成功的。

Impeller is very difficult to machine and model because of the twisted blades. Comparing with three-axis machining, five-axis machining offers advantages such as higher productivity and better machining quality. Based on the actual engineering data, pro/Engineer software is applied to produce three-dimensional geometric model of the integrated impeller. Furthermore, analysis and research were made for tool path of the integrated impeller machining. Tool axis automatically avoiding function was adopted, and then tool axis limiting function was defined, interference problem is avoided. NC program is exported successfully to DEMAGE five-axis machine from PowerMill software where machining verification as a centrifugal impeller example was carried on, and physical product was manufactured. The results of verification show that the machining methodology and procedure adopted are successful.