译者偏见与翻译伦理——以《锡安长老草案》的翻译为例

Translation and Prejudice:With the Translation of the Protocols of the Elders of Zionas the Case Study

如果译者对原文本带有偏见,那么其翻译目的可能有二:其一,译者认为文本中基本观念是真实的,将事实公诸于众是译者的责任所在;其二,原文本的内容毫无根据,无半点可信度,译者认为有必要将其内容曝光,以揭露其伪造性。《锡安长老草案》是中伤犹太人的一本伪译作品,宣扬欧洲对犹太人本已根深蒂固的敌意情绪,以译者带着偏见去翻译的作品为例,通过对其形成过程的叙述以及几个不同译本的分析,对译者的道德进行探讨,并证明译者的偏见会在其译文中被表现和增强。

If the translator has prejudice with the original text, there may be two motivations ： One would be that the translator has confidence in the truth of the text, and feels obliged to publish this truth in order to prevent future harm. The other is opposite to the first one： the material to be translated is so unjust and unfounded that the translator feels its contents ought to be made public in order to expose the fraud. Protocols of the Elders of Zion draws on popular anti-Semitic archetypes, which have been prevalent in European anti-Jewish imagination. This paper takes it as the case study and endeavors to discuss the translator＇s ethics when they have prejudice against a certain text, through the analyses of its translated versions in different languages, to prove that translators＇ prejudices invent, multiply and propagate prejudices in their translated texts.