成人接种卡介苗对支气管哮喘治疗作用监测研究

Monitoring Research on the Role of BCG Vaccination for Adults in the Treatment Effects of Bronchial Asthma

目的探讨成人接种卡介苗能否对支气管哮喘有治疗作用。方法以分层整群随机抽样方法确定科研点的县、乡,并以乡辖村为单位分为研究组和对照组,对村中20~55岁非肿瘤、结核病现症患者的自愿村民按性别、年龄分别配对,对研究组人群进行卡介苗接种,每6个月1次连续3次;依靠县、乡、村三级防疫网络,对两组中支气管哮喘患者支气管哮喘的复发进行监测。结果抽得4个乡、83个村,共有支气管哮喘患者1 406例,患病率为1.3%（1 406/108 189）;纳入监测的20~55岁村民共24 830人,有支气管哮喘患者149例,患病率0.6%,其中研究组81例,对照组68例;在1997年12月-2009年12月监测期间研究组死亡3例,尚存的78例复发37例,复发频次484次;对照组死亡7例,尚存的61例,复发59例,复发频次2 576次。支气管哮喘患者的复发率比较研究组与对照组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;支气管哮喘患者的复发频次比较研究组与对照组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论成人接种卡介苗对支气管哮喘患者的复发不仅在人数（复发率）上,还有在复发频次上都有一定的治疗作用。

Objective To discuss the vaccination of BCG on adults,so as to explore the treatment effect of BCG on original bronchial asthma. Methods Choosing the counties and countries as the scientific research points by random sampling,and then randomly divided the units into study group and control group.Matching the volunteers who have no tumor and tuberculosis from 20 to 55 years old by gender and age,and then vaccinate the volunteers in the study group with BCG every six months for three times.Adopting the epidemic prevention net of county-town-village to monitor the recurrence of bronchial asthma. Results There were 1,406 cases of bronchial asthma in 4 towns which contained 83 villages,and the morbidity rate of bronchial asthma was 1.3%（1,406/108,189）. The number of volunteers aged from 20 to 55 years who were under monitoring was about 24,830,among which there were 149 people suffered from bronchial asthma, and the morbidity rate was 0.6%,and of which there were 81 people belonged to the study group and 68 people to the control group.During the monitoring time from January 1998 to December 2010,there were 3 people died who belonged to the study group,and among the rest 78 people,37 people suffered from the recurrence of bronchial asthma,484 times in total.There were 7 people died in the control group,and among the rest 61 people,59 people suffered form the recurrence of bronchial asthma,2,576 times in total.Comparing the attack rate and the attack times,there were significant differences between the study group and the control group（Ρ0.05）. Conclusions The result shows that the BCG vaccination for adults may have treatment effect on original bronchial asthma.