张家港市人群乙型和丙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

Study on Serum Epidemiology of HBV and HCV Infections Among General Population in Zhangjiagang City

目的了解张家港市人群乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒的感染状况,建立有效的防治措施。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法调查1岁以上各年龄组人群,对每名对象进行问卷调查,并采集血清检测HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HCV。结果张家港市人群HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HCV阳性率分别为5.15%、52.69%、0.31%。1~19岁组人群HBsAg阳性率为0.99%,20岁以上组人群阳性率为5.95%。男性HBsAg阳性率高于女性。有免疫史的人群HBsAg阳性率明显低于未免疫者和免疫史不详者。抗-HCV阳性率与年龄、性别无关。使用血制品的人群抗-HCV阳性率最高。结论乙肝疫苗纳入儿童免疫规划效果显著,需进一步做好成人乙肝疫苗接种工作;使用血制品仍是丙肝病毒感染的重要途径,其他传播途径也不可忽视。

Objective To investigate the infection situation of hepatitis B virus （HBV） and hepatitis C virus（HCV） among general population in Zhangjiagang City, and to develop effective prevention and treatment measures. Methods The subjects aged one year and over were investigated with questionnaires by randomized cluster sampling.Venous blood samples were collected and then tested for HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HCV. Results The positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HCV were 5.15%, 52.69% and 0.31%,respectively.The HBsAg positive rates of the age groups of 1～19 years and over 20 years were 0.99% and 5.95%,respectively.The HBsAg positive rate of male was higher than that of female.The HBsAg positive rate of the HBV vaccine immunized group was lower than those of the un-immunized group and the unknown vaccination status group.The positive rate of anti-HCV was not correlated with age and sex.The anti-HCV positive rate was the highest in the people who had the history of using blood products. Conclusions The effect of immunization with HBV vaccine through EPI is remarkable in Zhangjiagang,however,the inoculation should be enhanced in adults.Using blood products is an important route of transmission for hepatitis C,and the other transmission routes can not be ignored.