体检人群健康教育需求的现况调查

Cross-sectional Study on the Requirement of Health Education Among the People Undergoing Health Examination

目的了解人群对健康教育的需求状况,提高体检中心健康教育水平。方法以2010年11月在武警安徽总队医院体检中心接受健康体检者1 122人为调查对象,共回收有效问卷1 043份。问卷内容包括一般人口社会学资料、对健康教育内容及健康教育方式的态度。结果体检人群最希望得到的健康知识前三项依次为"常见病防治知识"(44.5%)、"饮食营养知识"(29.4%)、"合理运动的知识"(10.7%);其中选择"合理运动的知识"和"戒烟、戒酒的知识和技能"以男性为主。最愿意接受的健康教育方式依次是"一对一讲解"(22.5%)、"发放健康教育处方等宣传资料"(18.1%)和"健康教育讲座"(18.0%);40岁以下者选择"一对一讲解"和"电话咨询"的比例较高,高中以下文化程度者选择"播放电视录像"的比例较高,大专以上选择"短信或电子邮件"的比例较高。结论体检中心开展健康教育应侧重常见慢性病防治知识、饮食营养及合理运动方面,并结合体检对象的基本特征选择合适的内容和方式。

Objective To investigate the health education demand among people,and to improve the level of health education in health check-up center. Methods Totally 1,122 examinees completed the questionnaires,who were received health examination at the medical center of Anhui Armed Police Hospital in November 2010.A total of 1,043 valid questionnaires were returned.Demographic characteristics,the attitude towards the contents and ways of health education were included in the survey. Results The top three demands for health knowledge were ＂common diseases prevention knowledge＂（44.5%）,＂diet and nutritional knowledge（29.4%）＂,and ＂reasonable exercise knowledge＂（10.7%）.＂Reasonable exercise knowledge＂ and ＂knowledge and skills of smoking and drinking cessation＂ were mainly selected by males.The most acceptable education methods were ＂individual instruction＂,（22.5%）,＂materials of health education prescription＂（18.1%）,and ＂health education lectures＂（18.0%）.Most of the people under 40-year-old selected individual instruction and telephone counseling.TV kinescope was highly selected by the people with the educational background of senior middle school and lower.The rate of selecting SMS or E-mails was higher among the people with the educational background of junior college and above. Conclusions Developing health education in physical examination center should focus on knowledge about prevention and treatment of common chronic diseases,diet and nutrition,and reasonable exercise;and moreover,it is important to select the appropriate contents and methods according to the basic characteristics of physical examinees.