电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定肾癌患者血清微量元素水平及其模式识别分析

Determination and pattern recognition of trace elements in serum samples from patients with renal cell carcinoma by ICP-MS

目的探讨肾癌患者血清中微量元素水平与肾癌的关系。方法采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对28名健康对照者、34例。肾癌患者血清中多种微量元素的含量进行测定，用偏最小二乘判别分析和Fisher判别分析对结果进行显著性分析和模式识别分析。结果显著性分析显示，与健康对照组相比，肾癌患者血清中钒（5034．56ng／L：4401．23ng／L）、钻（211．34ng／L：158．67ng／L）、镍（1850．55ng／L：1587．12ng／L）、锰（1873．35ng／L：932．68ng／L）、镉（95．63ng／L：36．43ng／L）的含量显著增高（P〈0．05），而钙（10．83mg／L：11．78mg／L）、锌（67．11μg／L：70．92μg／L）的含量显著降低（P〈0．05）。判别分析结果显示：肾癌患者与健康对照者血清中微量元素含量差异显著，二者大部分点在图上可以区分开，肾癌患者样本和健康对照者样本被分别聚为两类，肾癌组明显偏离对照组。用Fisher判别分析建立判别函数，血清中该判别函数总的判别准确率为97．61％。结论肾癌组和健康对照组体内微量元素的代谢模式存在显著差异，可以通过测定体内微量元素水平对正常人与肾癌患者进行判别分析，从而为肾癌的早期诊断提供依据。

Objective To study the relationship between serum trace elements and renal cell carcinoma. Methods The serum concentrations of multi-elements in 34 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 28 healthy volunteers were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）. The results were analyzed by partial least square diseriminant analysis （PLS-DA） and Fisher discriminant. Results Compared with healthy volunteers, the levels of vanadium（ 5 034.56 ng/L ：4 401.23 ng/L）, cobalt（211.34 ng/L： 158.67 ng/L）, nickel（ 1 850.55 ng/L ： 1 587.12 ng/L）, manganese（ 1 873.35 ng/L ： 932.68 ng/L） and cadmium（95.63 ng/L ：36.43 ng/L） were significantly higher in patients with renal cell carcinoma （P 〈 0. 05 ）. While, the concentrations of calcium（ 10.83 mg/L ： 11.78 mg/L） and zinc （67.11 μg/L ： 70.92μg/L） were significantly lower （P 〈 O. 05 ）. Discriminant analysis showed that the serum elements levels in the patients with renal cell carcinoma were significantly different from the healthy volunteers. The scores plot showed distinct clustering between patients and controls, the points of patients were obviously offset from the controls. The classification accuracy of Fisher discriminant function was 97.61%. Conclusion Trace elements in serum are significantly different in patients with renal cell carcinoma and healthy volunteers. Discriminant analysis of serum samples based on trace element levels is possible. Thus, it is feasible for early diagnosis of renal cell car- cinoma by determination of trace elements and discriminant analysis.