婴幼儿支原体肺炎与年长儿支原体肺炎的临床分析

The clinical features of the mycoplasma pneumonia between infants and children

目的:探讨婴幼儿肺炎支原体肺炎与年长儿肺炎支原体肺炎的各自的临床特点。方法:选择本院儿科2007年10月～2010年12月收治的支原体肺炎患儿170例,分成婴幼儿组(0～3岁)和年长儿组织(3～15岁),对比分析两组患儿的临床症状,X线表现,特异性抗体出现时间等方面的差异。结果:咳嗽、持续发热是支原体肺炎的主要表现,但婴幼儿多见中度发热、喘憋多、痰鸣音明显,肺部体征明显,胸部X线表现以小斑点状阴影为主;年长儿多见高热、干咳为主,顽固剧烈,肺部体征少,胸片以大叶性改变为主。婴幼儿特异性抗体IgM出现时间晚,滴度低。结论:不同年龄儿童的肺炎支原体肺炎在临床症状、肺部体征、胸部X线表现、特异性抗体出现时间等方面均存在一定差异。

Objective： to understand the clinical features of the mycoplasma pneumonia between infants and children. Methods： 170 patients of mycoplasma pneumonia who were treated in department of pediatrics from October 2007 to December 2010 were selected. These patients were divided into two groups, group 1 ： infants （ age 0 - 3 ） ; group 2 ： children （ age 3 - 15 ）. The clinical features of the two groups were analyzed. Results ： cough, fever were the main symptom of myeoplasma pneumonia. Moderate fever, wheezing and more clear phlegm were more common in infants, the sign of the lung was significant, small dot - like shadow was the main image of the chest X - ray. High fever, dry cough, less pulmonary symptoms were the clinical features in children, the lobar was the main change of the chest X - ray. The occurrence time of the specific IgM is later, and the titer of the specific IgM is lower in infants than in children. Conclusion： the clinical features, pulmonary symptoms and the X - ray of mycoplasma pneumonia were different between the two groups.