鹿茸中3种生物碱基的提取工艺研究

Study on the Extraction Process of Three Biological Bases from Antler Velvet

[目的]优化鹿茸中3种生物碱基的提取工艺。[方法]利用乙醇作为生物碱基的提取溶剂,为了确定鹿茸中这一组有效成分的准确含量,首先选择适宜的提取方法,并采用正交设计,对影响尿嘧啶、次黄嘌呤和尿苷3种生物碱基提取率的因素,如乙醇溶液浓度、溶剂用量、温度和时间等进行考察,并进行必要的单因素延伸实验,从而得到优化的提取鹿茸中3种生物碱基的工艺条件。[结果]确定了鹿茸中尿嘧啶、次黄嘌呤和尿苷3种生物碱基成分的含量,即在50%乙醇浓度∶物料=10∶1,60℃,45 min,4次提取的优化条件下,鹿茸中尿嘧啶、次黄嘌呤、尿苷的提取率分别为0.405 5 mg/g,0.504 9 mg/g0,.481 8 mg/g。[结论]研究结果可为鹿茸有效成分回收率的计算提供数据基础,为珍贵鹿茸资源的合理开发及利用提供科学依据。

[Objective] The aim was to optimize the extraction process of three biological bases from antler velvet.[Method] Using ethanol as solvent,firstly,the extraction method was selected for obtaining the contents of active components in antler velvet.Then the influences of the concentration of ethanol,solvent volume,temperature,extraction time on the extraction yield of uracil,hypoxanthine and uradine were discussed through orthogonal test and single factor test to get the optimum process of extracting three biological bases from antler velvet.[Result] The contents of three biological bases were deter mined.Under the optimal condition（the rate of 50% ethanol to material 10∶1（v/m）,extraction temperature of 60 ℃;extraction time of 45 min.）,the yields of uracil,hypoxanthine and uradine are 0.4 05 5 mg/g,0.504 9 mg/g and 0.481 8 mg/g,respectively.[Conclusion] The study would provide basic information for calculating the recovery of active components in antler velvet,and scientific references for reasonable utilization of antler velvet resources.