几种丝状真菌原生质体的形成与再生

Formation and Regeneration of Protoplasts from Several Filamentous Fungi

本文用商品混合酶酶解的方法,研究了黑曲霉、绿色木霉、桔青霉头孢霉、粗糙脉孢霉、紫色红曲霉、白地霉、凤尾菇、冬菇、平菇等10种13株丝状真菌原生质体的制备及再生,对这些真菌原生质体形成和再生过程中的形态学变化进行了观察,并通过透射电子显微镜的观察证明所得到的制备物确实为没有细胞壁的原生质体.实验表明,用商品纤维素酶、蜗牛酶、溶菌酶等配制成的混合酶液,可成功地从上述分属于子囊菌纲、担子菌纲、半知菌纲的丝状真菌菌丝体制备出原生质体.实验还说明,巯基乙醇对多数丝状真菌原生质体的形成并不是必需的.在所有供试菌株中均观察到由原生质体直接长出菌丝及由原生质体先形成酵母芽链状再长出菌丝这两类再生方式.

In this paper, the formation and regeneration of protplast of several filamentous fungi were studied using a combined commercial lytic enzyme system. Fungi used in this study were Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viridi, Penicillium citrinum, Cephalosporium sp, Neurospora crassa, Geotrichum candidum, Monascus purpureus, pleurotus sajor-caju, Collybia velutipes and Pleurotus ostreatus. The morphological changes in the formation and regeneration of these protoplasts were observed. Through observation using the transmission electron microscope, it is proved that preparations obtained is really protoplasts without cell-wall. The experiments show that combined lytic enzyme liquid containing commercial cellulase, snail enzyme and lysozyme can be successfully used to prepare protoplasts of filamentous fungi belonging to Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Fungi imperfecti. It shows that mercaptoethanol isn't necessary to the protoplast formation of most fungi. Hyphae grown from the protoplast directly and from yeast-like chain have been observed in tested fungi.