基础教育均等化研究——基于省际差异的视角

Equalization of Basic Education:from the Perspectives of Inter-provincial Differences

基础教育是帮助国民摆脱贫困、实现社会公平的重要手段。我国基础教育财政投入不足,省际之间的差异比较大。本文基于2005年～2007年的统计数据,对我国各省基础教育均等化程度进行了比较。基本结论是:从基础教育的投入来看,我国基础教育经费在各个地区分配不均衡,差异较大;从产出和效果来看,我国基础教育水平发展也不平衡。这在很大程度上与上级政府承担基础教育财政责任份额不足有关。今后应在加大基础教育投入的过程中,提高资金使用效率,加大教育转移支付力度,实现基础教育均等化。

Basic education is an important means to help people out of poverty and to achieve social justice.Lack of financial investment in basic education causes great differences between provinces in China.Based on statistics in China from 2005 to 2007,China＇s provincial equalization of basic education level was compared.The basic conclusion is： from the point of view of basic education input,China＇s basic education funding allocation is not balanced in all regions,quite different.From the point of view of output and results,the level of basic education development is uneven.It has much to do with the higher levels of government to bear the financial responsibility for basic education accounting for a less responsibility.In the future,it should improve capital efficiency,increase transfer payments to education in the process of increase investment in basic education to achieve equalization of basic education.