浑河流域非点源污染负荷估算与分析

Estimation and Evaluation of Non-Point Source Pollution in the Hunhe River Basin

利用输出系数法和SWAT模型两种方法对浑河流域2007年的非点源污染TN、TP负荷进行估算和模拟,并分析了浑河流域内各行政区及不同土地利用方式对浑河流域非点源污染负荷总量的影响及非点源污染负荷的年内排放特点。经计算,输出系数法估算的TN、TP负荷分别为17 468t和996t,SWAT模型模拟的TN、TP负荷量分别为15 355t和1 112t。由输出系数法估算结果可知浑河流域各行政分区中,沈阳市和抚顺市是浑河流域TN、TP的主要污染来源;在不同土地利用方式中,旱田对TN、TP的污染负荷贡献率最大。由SWAT模型模拟结果可知,TN、TP污染物排放年内有两个集中期,分别出现在7月、8月份和3月份。分析的结果及污染特性可为浑河流域非点源污染治理提供科学依据。

Two models, the export coefficient model and SWAT （soil and water assessment tool） model, were used in this paper to estimate the non-point source pollution of TN and TP in the Hunhe river basin in 2007. Moreover, the effects of different soil utilizations in different administrative districts of the Hunhe river basin on the quantity of the non-point source pollution were analyzed. The quantity of TN and TP estimated by the export coefficient model were 17 468 t and 996 t, respectively, whereas the quantity of TN and TP simulated by the SWAT model were 15 355 t and 1 112 t, respectively. According to the export coef- ficient model, the administrative districts of Shenyang City and Fushun City were the main pollution sources of TN and TP for the Hunhe river basin,and the plant glebe contributed the most to the non-point source pollution. The results from the SWAT model suggested that TN and TP are usually discharged during two periods, March and July to August, in one year. The results from the two models can provide the scientific references for controlling the non-point pollution in the Hunhe river basin.