1Oral H,Knight BP,Tada H,et al.Pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation[J].Circulation,2002,105(9):1077-1081.
2Scherf D,Terranova R.Mechanism of auricular flutter and fibrillation[J].Am J Physiol,1949,159(1):137-142.
3Revill SI, Robinson JO, Rosen M, et al. The reliability of a linear analogue for evaluation pain. Anaesthesia,1976,31:1 191-1 198.
4Haissaguerre M,Jais P,Shah DC,et al.Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins[J].N Eng J Med,1998,339(10):659-666.
4Santangeli P, Di Biase L, Mohanty P. Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in octogenarians: safety and outcomes [J]. J Cardiovasc Eleetrophysiol, 2012, 23(7): 687-693.
5Takahashi A, Kuwahara T, Takahashi Y. Complications in the catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: incidence and management [J]. Circ J, 2009, 73(2): 221-226.
6Scherr D, Dalal D, Chilukuri K, et al. Incidence and predictors of left atrial thrombus prior to catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation [J]. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 2009, 20(4): 379-384.
7Maleki K, Mohammadi R, Hart D, et al. Intracardiac ultrasound detection of thrombus on transseptal sheath: incidence, treatment, and prevention[J]. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 2005, 16(6): 561-565.
8Wazni OM, Rossillo A, Marrouche NF, et al. Embolic events and char formation during pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation: impact of different anticoagulatiou regimens and impotance of intracardiac echo imaging [J]. J Cardiovasc Electmphysiol, 2005, 16(6): 576-581.
9Pappone C, Rosanio S, Augello G, et al. Mortality, morbidity and quality of life after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation for atrial fibrillation: outcomes from a controlled nonrandomized long-term study[J]. J Am Coil Cardiol, 2003, 42(2): 185-197.
10Parizek P, Haman L, Pleskot M, et al. Hemostatic changes before andduring electrophysiologic study and radiofrequency catheter ablation [J]. hat J Hematol, 2011, 93(4): 452-457.
