先秦文献中的“金”和金属概念

"Jin" in Pre-Qin Literatures and the Concept of Metal

对出土及传世先秦文献中"金"的含义进行了考察,表明至晚在西周早期"金"的广义含义已包含红铜、青铜、锡(或铅)等多种金属或金属材料在内,形成了古代的金属概念。随着冶金技术的发展和各种新金属或金属材料的使用,广义的"金",即古代的金属概念的内涵也在扩展和变化。古代金属概念的形成及其内涵的嬗变反映了古人对物质世界认知的进步。

This paper investigates the meanings of ＂Jin＂ in pre-Qin literatures handed down or unearthed.The result shows the concept of metal had already emerged as the generalized meaning of ＂Jin＂ including metals or metallic materials such as copper,bronze and tin（or lead） no later than the early Western Zhou dynasty.With the development of metallurgical technology and the use of new metals or metallic materials,the generalized meaning of ＂Jin＂（i.e.,the original concept of metal） was also expanding and changing,which reflects the progress of ancient cognition on physical world.