咨询师对双重关系伦理行为的情感态度

Counselors' implicit ethical attitude towards dual relationship

目的:了解心理咨询与治疗从业人员对双重关系伦理行为态度的内隐情感倾向,考察咨询师对这些伦理行为的内隐情感、外显认知态度差异,以及中美咨询师的态度差异。方法:采用方便取样,选取177名正在从事或正在学习做心理咨询和治疗的从业人员,用自编"咨询师对双重关系伦理行为的接受度"调查问卷进行内隐情感态度调查,并选取中美已有的关于认知态度的研究,来比较与已有研究中咨询师对伦理行为的态度差异。结果:咨询师对双重关系伦理行为的情感态度存在明显性别差异,男性咨询师对10个条目(33.33%)的伦理行为的接受程度高于女性。咨询师对某行为是否符合伦理有较清晰的认知判断,但从主观情感角度出发对21个条目(70%)的行为更加宽容,在内心中更能接受和容许这些行为的发生。本研究和已有研究的中国被试对15个条目(50%)在认知判断和情感评价两个角度认为符合伦理的人数均低于美国被试。结论:从本研究调查情况和与前人研究比较结果来看,中国咨询师对部分条目的认知态度和情感态度缺乏一致性,而中美咨询师对待某些条目的态度具有明显文化差异。

Objective： To explore the emotional components of professionals＇ethical ideas towards dual relationship and compare them with both Chinese and American counselors/psychotherapists＇ cognitive ethical attitudes. Methods： A self-made questionnaire concerning 30 terms of ethical behaviors in dual relationships and emotional attitudes was administrated to 177 Chinese counselors/psychotherapists. The results were compared with previous data of Chinese and American professionals concerning ethical behaviors in dual relationships and cognitive attitudes in the similar researches. Results： Male counselors/psychotherapists showed higher level of acceptance to 10 items of ethical behaviors （33. 33%） in dual relationships than female counselors/psychotherapists. Chinese counselors/psychotherapists demonstrated a fairly strict cognitive ethical attitude towards dual relational behavior cognitively, but they could also accept the behaviors emotionally if they came to the truth. In addition, the percent- age of people who thought that behaviors/items were in accordance with ethical principles was less in Chinese subjects than in American subjects in half of items. Conclusion： Chinese counselors/psychotherapists demonstrate less consistent attitudes in emotion tendency and cognition tendency. And there are apparent culture differences on the ethical attitudes in several items between Chinese and American counselors.