基础护理操作难度评价及执行人员资质的调查

Investigation on difficulty level of fandamental nursing skills and the qualification of operation staff

目的了解临床护士对各项基础护理操作难度的评价，为探索与各项基础护理难度相适应的护理人员配置方式提供依据。方法采用自行设计的基础护理操作难度评价调查表，便利选取北京市4家三级甲等综合医院230名临床护士进行调查。结果临床护士对基础护理操作难度的评分为（1．90±0．89）-（3．40±1．05）分。临床普通护士对压疮的预防及护理、协助患者翻身及有效咳嗽两项操作难度评分分别为（3．35±1．08），（2．57±0．99）分，低于护士长的（3．72±0．86），（2．97±1．06）分，差异有统计学意义（t=-2．359，-2．328；P〈0．05）。目前各项基础护理的护理人员配置方式与临床护士认定的人员配置方式差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论基础护理操作的整体难度较低，但临床普通护士仍需要对部分基础护理操作提高认识，目前执行基础护理操作的护理人员配置方式也需要改进。

Objective To identify how clinical nurses evaluate the fandamental nursing skills for inpatients based on difficulty level, which will provide the basis for a better arrangement of nursing staff. Methods The questionnaire designed by the researcher was used to investigate 230 clinical nurses＇ evaluation of the fandamental nursing skills for inpatients based on difficulty level. Results The difficulty of the fandamental nursing skills for inpatients was average scored from （ 1.90 ± 0.89 ） to （ 3.40 ± 1.05 ）. For ulcer prevention and care （ t = - 2. 359, P 〈 0. 05 ）, help patient turn over and effective coughing （ t = - 2. 328, P 〈 0. 05 ）, head nurses and general nurses have different evaluation on difficulty level [ （ 3.35 ± 1.08 ） and （2.57 ± 0.99 ） for general nurses respectively; （3.72 ±0.86） and （2.97 ± 1.06） for head nurses, respectively]. The capability of basic nursing care giver was significantly not match with the expectation of clinical nurses （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions The difficulty of basic nursing care techniques for inpatients was at a low level. For ulcer prevention ＆ care, helping patient turn over and effective coughing, general nurses need to take them seriously. Also, the present arrangement of nursing staff needed to be improved properly according to the difficulty level of the fandamental nursing skills.