复合动词「～だす」「～はじめる」和「～かける」的后项语义区别

The Semantic Differences between the Latter Verbs of the Inchoative Compound Verbs"-dasu","-hajimeru"and"-kakeru"in the Perspective of Japanese Teaching

复合动词在日语中被大量运用,起到使文章行文简洁、表现力丰富的作用。先行研究中多以分析各组成要素关系居多,而从日语教育角度分析近义词区别的较少。本稿选取的这组近义复合动词出现频率较高,语义区别是个难点;首先分析了这组复合动词的后项语义特征,提出"始动"的近义语义概念;然后,以"始动"概念为中心进行了问卷调查,并分析误选的主要原因;最后,提出目前复合动词学习中存在的相关问题及对策。

Compound verbs, which have been widely used in Japanese, can make composition more concise and expressive. The previous studies on compound verbs have mainly focused on the analysis of the relations between essential elements, while only a few of them have explored the differences of synonyms of compound verbs from the perspective of Japanese teaching. The compound verbs selected in this paper are frequently used in daily life where difficulties lie in the distinction between synonyms of consequent semantic meaning. This paper firstly discusses the characteristics of the consequent semantic meaning of the compound verbs. Then a questionnaire survey is conducted based on synonymous semantic meanings that express the ＂inchoative＂. After analyzing the reasons for choosing the wrong compound verbs, this paper demonstrates some problems during present day Japanese teaching, and finally proposes a solution to this awkward situation.