论严复的身体观

Yan Fu's View of Human Body

近代著名思想家严复提出"鼓民力、开民智、新民德"的"三民"主张,将中国的富强之路明确定格在国民的素质提高上,将宏大的启蒙明确落实在微观的个人上,体现出历史的进步;其中的"鼓民力"主张,是对中国千年文化传统的一个反拨;严复把"身体"与启蒙、国家富强联系在一起,通过由国到人、由人及身、由身返国的思考逻辑,将身体纳入救亡强国体系,开启了晚清以后身体政治化、国家化的思想路径。作为一种积极的身体政治,它成为一种新的理念阐发而闪光在中国近代思想史中,并得到同时代及后人的广泛响应,深刻地影响了近代以后中国人的文化生活。

Yan Fu,a famous modern thinker,put forward three proposals as follows: encouraging people's abilities,developing people's intelligence and improving people's morality.In his opinion,the best way to make China powerful lied in the improvement of national quality,which clearly implemented the grand enlightenment on micro individuals and showed the progress of history.The proposal of encouraging people's ability stressed the physical human body,which was a refutation to traditional Chinese culture and indicated the peculiarity of Yan Fu's enlightenment thoughts.Yan Fu combined human body with enlightenment and nation's prosperity and opened the ideological path of body politicized and nationalized in late Qing dynasty.As an active body politics,his views became a new concept in modern Chinese history of thoughts and had a great influence on modern Chinese people.