6Rabe KF,Hurd S,Anzueto A,et al. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management,and prevention of chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: GOLD Executive Summary [J].American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine.2007,176:532-555.
7World Health Organization. Chronic respiratory diseases:Burden. [EB/ OL]. [2008-10-30] http://who.int/respiratory/copd/burden/en/index.html.
8O'Donnel DE,Laveneziana P. Dyspnea and activity limitation in COPD:mechanical factors [J]. COPO:Jourual of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ,2007,4:225-236.
9Eisner MD,Iribarren C,Yelin EH et al. Pulmonary function and the risk of functional limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ J ]. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2008,167 : 1090-1101.
10Jones PW. Health status measurement in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[J]. Thorax,2001,56 : 880-887.
2Montravers P, Veber B, Auboyer C, et al. Diagnostic and therapeutic management of nosocomial pneumonia in surgical patients: results of the Eole study[J]. Crit Care Med, 2002, 30(2) : 368-375.
3Fisher BW, Majumdar SR, Mcalister FA. Predicting puhnonary com- plications after nonthoracic surgery: a systematic review of blinded studies[J]. AmJMed, 2002, 112(3): 219-225.
4Smetana GW, Lawrence VA, Cornell JE, et al. Preoperative puhnona- ry risk stratification for noncardiothoracic surgeL'y : systematic review tbr the American College of Physicians[ J]. Ann Intern Med, 2006, 144 (8) : 581-595.
5Bapoje SR, Whitaker JF, Schulz T, et al. Preoperative evaluation of the patient with pulmonary disease[ J ]. Chest, 2007, 132 (5) : 1637- 1645. DOI : 10. 1378/chest. 07-0347.
