城市经济转型时期人力资本回报率研究

Returns to Human Capital during the Economic Transition in Urban China

基于Mincer基本模型和扩展模型的估算结果显示 ,中国城市地区的教育回报率比其他发展中国家的平均水平低 ,但这一回报率在不断上升 ;职工工资收入达到最高水平所需工作的年限在下降 ,工作年限的边际回报率在下降 ,尤其是女性工作年限的边际回报率下降速度更快。在 1986 /1987年 ,广东城市职工平均工资收入比湖南和四川高出 30 % ,而在 1993/1994年 ,广东城市职工平均工资收入比湖南和四川高出 70 % ,表明地区收入不平等的现象在扩大。令人费解的是 ,广东省的教育回报率并不高 ,尽管在这期间广东省男女两性的工作经验回报率大大下降。文章还发现 ,无论是工资性别歧视 。

This paper examines the determinants of earnings and returns to human capital investments during economic transition in urban China.The estimates based on basic Mincer's model show that returns to human capital investments are smaller in urban China than those in most other developing countries, although education does have rewards. The level of post school experience for which income is maximized declined and marginal return rate to experience decreased, particularly for females. Our estimates show that the log monthly wage in Guangdong province is about 30 per cent higher than those in Hunan provi nce and Sichuan province in 1986 and 1987, whereas it is more than 70 per cent higher than those in Hunan province and Sichuan province in 1993 and 1994. Surprisingly, we do not find a higher return to education in Guangdong province. Finally, our estimates show that, on average, women earn substantially less than men in urban China, and both two forms of occupational segregation and wage discrimination against women exist in the labor market in urban China.