雅鲁藏布江中上游鱼类区系和资源状况初步调查

A preliminary investigation on fish fauna and resources of the upper and middle Yalu Tsangpo River

根据2006年～2007年4次调查结果,雅鲁藏布江中上游共分布25种鱼类.其中土著鱼类16种,由裂腹鱼亚科、条鳅亚科及鮡科3个类群组成,属典型的高原鱼类区系.高原裸鲤、兰格湖裸鲤和黄斑褶鮡为雅鲁藏布江中上游干支流新纪录种.渔获物主要是由拉萨裸裂尻鱼、双须叶须鱼、异齿裂腹鱼、拉萨裂腹鱼、巨须裂腹鱼等组成,构成鱼类产量的90%以上.上游鱼类资源保存相对完好,中游资源面临过度捕捞、资源量下降、个体小型化、外来物种入侵及栖息生境恶化等生态问题,有可能导致雅鲁藏布江中上游特有高原经济鱼类种质资源库功能的丧失,应引起高度的重视和保护.

According to the results of the 4 fish investigations in the upper and middle Yalu Tsangpo River during 2006~2007, 25 fish species was recorded, among which 16 was endemic species from 3 families. Schizothoracinae, Nemacheilinae and Sisoridae and fish fauna was typical plateau fish fauna. Gymnocypris waddelli, Gymnocypris chui and Pseudecheneis sulcatoides was the new recorded species in the upper and middle Yalu Tsangpo River. Schizopygopsis younghusbandi younghusbandi Regan, Ptychobarbus di- pogon （Regan）, Schizothorax o＇connori （Lloyd）, Schizothorax waltoni （Regan） and Schizothorax macropogon （Regan） were the main catch species, which composed more than 90 ~ of the fish captures. Fish resources was protected well in the upper reach, but in the middle reach, ecological problems such as fish overexploration , fish resources de crease, size miniaturization, exotic fish introduction and habitats degradation may cause the function loss of the economic fish germplasm bank.