按功能区分攻击性行为的意义

The usefulness of distinguishing types of aggression by function

目前对于攻击性行为还远远没有形成一个普遍的定义,它是一个不断变化的、多方面的、包含了多种概念的现象。对于如何对其进行分类,也没有达成共识:科学文献中采用了各种分类标准。一些科学家基于其表现形式来划分攻击性行为的种类,另一些则倾向于考察其动机、功能、意图和目标。尽管有些作者认为对攻击性行为种类的区分并不总是能产生研究成果,但根据不同的意图和目标对其进行分类仍是很有意义的,这既有助于提出理论,也因为这样一种研究方法可以为法医实践及预防、治疗干预措施服务,因为这些区分重点关注个体的倾向和个性。此外,考虑到本文所分析的主要功能分类法呈现出某种共同的两分法倾向,所以对这些分类法的术语和一些测量手段进行标准化,看来是恰当的。

Far from being a universally defined notion,aggression is a changing and multifaceted phenomenon encompassing various concepts.There is no consensus as to how different types of aggression should be classified:multiple ways of doing so using a variety of criteria exist in the scientific literature.Some scientists categorise aggressive acts according to how they are expressed,while others prefer to look at motive,function,purpose and objective.Despite the claim of some authors that distinguishing between different types of aggressive acts is not always productive,categorising these according to different purposes and objectives can be very useful,both for developing theory and because such an approach serves forensic practice as well as preventive and therapeutic interventions,as these focus on the propensities and personality of the individual.Furthermore,given that the main functional classifications analysed show a common tendency to dichotomise,it would seem appropriate for their terminology and some of their measurement instruments to be standardised.