论被抚养人生活费的计入与析出

The Including and Excluding of the Living Expenses for the Fostered

侵权责任法第十六条取消了之前众多法律、司法解释确认的被抚养人生活费赔偿项目,最高人民法院之后即发出通知,对受害人有被抚养人的,应将被抚养人生活费计入残疾赔偿金或死亡赔偿金。这一规定引发了司法实践的不同解读,使本来就比较复杂的人身损害赔偿制度更加复杂化。为使被抚养人生活费赔偿项目与伤残赔偿金、死亡赔偿金项目相互衔接,须准确地解读侵权责任法第十六条的规定及通知中"计入"的涵义,建构能合理包容被抚养人生活费在内的伤残赔偿金或死亡赔偿金制度,并明晰被抚养人生活费的析出规则。

Article 16 of the Tort Law removes the item of compensation for the fostered living expenses identified in a lot of previous laws and judicial interpretation. Afterwards, the Supreme Court issued a notice, stating that the living expenses for the fostered people of the victim should be included into the compensation for the disabled and the dead. This decision touches off different interpretation in judicial practice and makes the complicated compensation system for the injured become more complicated. To link up the compensation for the fostered and for the disabled and the dead, there is a need to interpret correctly the ＂included＂ mentioned in the notice and Article 16, and to build up a reasonable system of disability compensation or death compensation including the fostered living expenses and indicating clearly the regulations for the excluding of these expenses.