浅议外来植物入侵的途径、机理和危害

Study on the process,mechanism and harm of exotic plant invasions

对外来植物入侵的途径、机理和危害进行了综述与分析。外来植物入侵受多种因素影响,可分为自然因素和人为因素两类。主要从生态幅、繁殖特性、竞争力、遗传变异特性等方面分析了外来植物入侵的机理。外来植物入侵的危害主要体现在影响当地生态系统的结构和功能、土壤的理化性质、气候、生物多样性、改变物种进化方向和人类的生产与生活等方面。

exotic plant invasions process,mechanism and harm were reviewed and analyzed.There are many factors which can effect exotic plant invasions.All factors were divided into natural factors and human factor.The invasions mechanism of exotic plant were analyzed from ecological amplitude,reproduction character,competing power and hereditary variation character.The harm of exotic plant show mainly on the effect to the invasive ecosystem＇s structure and function,soil physical and chemical property,climate,biodiversity,changing the evolving trend of species and productive life of human.