语义透明度和词的理据性在对外汉语教学中的作用

Semantic Transparency and Word Motivations in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language

在对外汉语词汇教学中,透明度高的词语对学生而言难度较低,较易把握。而"语义透明度"这一来自于认知心理学的术语,其实同语言学上讲的"词的理据性"有着共同渊源。一个词的整词意义和词素的理据关系越紧密,其透明度就越高,反之透明度就越低。在对外汉语词汇教学中,针对语义透明度的不同,教学方法应该有所区分才能取得更好的教学效果。

In the process of vocabulary teaching, transparent words are less difficult for learners and easily grasped by them. The term semantic transparency that comes from cognitive psychology actually has very close relationship with semantic motivation in Linguistics. The closer relationship between the meaning of the word and the motivation of the same word＇ s morphemes, the higher transparency of this word. Conversely, less transparency. Therefore, workers for teaching Chinese as a second language could design the teaching vocabulary according to the words＇ different transparency and teach them on the basis of different gradation. Furthermore, in the process of vocabulary teaching, different teaching methods should be adopted according to words＇ different transparency, thus better teaching effect could be obtained.