兔中耳进路及中耳解剖结构的研究

Rabbit′s middle ear approach and its anatomic structure

目的研究兔中耳解剖结构及一种较佳进入兔中耳手术进路,为兔动物模型在耳科学实验方面的应用提供基础数据。方法解剖8只(16耳)新西兰兔,研究兔中耳解剖进路及周围解剖标志,显微镜下观察兔中耳内解剖结构。结果采取耳后进路便于暴露兔中耳,但耳后进路需首先注意摆好合适体位,依循周围标志性解剖,如面神经,可快速进入中耳。兔中耳解剖结构复杂,与人耳结构类似。结论兔耳后进路是快速、能充分暴露中耳的较佳途径,可以作为首选手术进路;兔中耳结构与人体相似,可作为耳科实验动物模型。

Objective To study the surgical approach to middle ears and middle ear structure in rabbits and to provide experimental data for a rabbit model used in otological study. Methods Eight healthy New Zealand rabbits （ sixteen ears ） were used in this study. The middle ear surgical approach and the landmarks were studied. Middle ears of the rab- bit were anatomized and observed under a microscope. Results The retroanricular surgical approach was a fast and bet- ter way into a rabbit＇s middle ears, but it was important to have a suitable position of the rabbit during the experiment. Some anatomical landmarks such as the facial nerve were useful for fast and correct approaching into middle ears. The rabbit＇s middle ear anatomical structures are complex and similar to human＇s. Condusions The retroauricular surgical approach is the choice of way to a rabbit＇s middle ears, and the rabbit has similar anatomic structures with human＇s in middle ear, so the rabbit model can be used in otological experiments.