训政初期国民政府的民食调控机制

The Mechanism of Citizen Foodstuff Allocation during Early Stage of the Political Tutelage

训政初期,南京国民政府为应对天灾,维持民食的合理流通,成立了隶属于中政会的民食委员会,作为中央层面的民食调控机构。民食委员会的事务属于行政院所属之各部会。在行政院权力加强期间,为厘清事权,提高民食调控效率,该委员会被解散,其事务由行政院相关各部掌理。1931年底的政制改革后,民食调控范围与管理方式有所转变,但民食调控机制受制于地方政府的"反权力",影响调控效果。

During early stage of the political tutelage, in order to copy with natural disaster and maintain rational grain circulation, the Nanjing National Government established central allocation institution which is the Citizen Foodstuff Commission of the Central Political Committee of KMT. The affairs of the Citizen Foodstuff Commission belonged to Ministries and Commissions of the Executive Yuan. When the Executive Yuan carried out institution reform, in order to improve the e^ciency of foodstuff allocation work, the Citizen Foodstuff Commission was dismissed. After reformation of political system of 1931, though the field and management method of citizen foodstuff have changed, the regulation effect of the mechanism of citizen foodstuff allocation was restricted to the Anti-Hegemony of local government.