广播体操锻炼对女大学生心脏自主神经调节功能影响的实验研究

Experimental study on effects of 8th broadcast gymnastic exercise on cardiac autonomic nerve regulation of female undergraduates

目的:采用HRV时域和频域分析指标对第八套广播体操锻炼对心脏自主神经的调节作用进行新的评价。方法:选取女大学生志愿者34名作为受试对象,随机分为三组:对照组(n=12)、实验一组(n=11)及实验二组(n=11)。实验一组和实验二组进行为期8周的第八套广播体操锻炼(每周5天,每天1次,其中实验一组每次连续做2遍广播操,实验二组每次做4遍),对照组不进行任何相关锻炼。用polar心率表(S810i,芬兰)记录了做广播操前、中、后即刻、后5分钟的心率及锻炼开始前、锻炼4周后、锻炼8周后安静状态下的心率,并采用专门软件对5分钟间期的心率变异性进行时域和频域分析。结果:①做第八套广播体操运动时RMSSD和HFnorm较运动前呈显著性降低,运动后5分钟仍未恢复至正常水平。而SD和LFnorm较运动前呈显著性升高,运动后5分钟仍未恢复至正常水平。LF/HF运动中及运动后即刻均较运动前显著增加,运动后5分钟恢复。②无论是实验一组还是实验二组经过8周的广播体操锻炼,可使安静时SD均呈现显著降低。结论:广播体操锻炼时表现为心交感神经紧张性增强、迷走神经紧张性降低,总体效应可持续至运动后5分钟。8周广播体操锻炼可以显著降低安静状态下心交感神经的紧张度。

Objective： In this paper,the effects of 8th broadcast gymnastic exercise on cardiac autonomic nerve regulation have been assessed with time-domain and frequency-domain indexes of HRV.Methods： Thirty-four female undergraduate volunteers took part in this study.They were randomly divided into three groups： control group（n=12）,which could not do any related exercises;group 1（n=11）and group 2（n=11）,both of which did 8th broadcast gymnastic exercise for 8 weeks,five days a week,two times a day（group 1） or four times a day（group 2）.HRV was measured by a polar RR-recorder（S810i,Finland） and analyzed by the specialized software（polar precision performance SW）.Heart rates were recorded before,during,immediately after and 5 minutes after the exercise,and recorded in resting state before trail,after 4 weeks and after 8 weeks respectively.Results： ①The RMSSD and HFnorm decreased while doing 8th broadcast gymnastic exercise（P0.01）,while SD and LFnorm increased（P0.01）.In addition,5 minutes after exercise RMSSD and HFnorm were still lower,SD and LFnorm were still higher than those at rest（P0.01）.The LF/HF ratio increased during exercise and immediately after exercise（P0.01）,while it was similar to pre-exercise value at 5 minutes after exercise.②In group1 and group 2,significant decrease of SD in resting state was observed after 8 weeks of broadcast gymnastic exercise（P0.05）.Conclusions：An increase in sympathetic tone and a decrease in vagal tone were found during broadcast gymnastic exercise.The acute effects of this exercise only last for 5 minutes.The 8 weeks broadcast gymnastic exercise training could significantly decrease heart sympathetic tone.