飞天蜈蚣七皂苷提取动力学研究

Kinetics of extraction of saponin from Aralia chinensis L.

采用球形模型,以Fick第二定律为基础,建立飞天蜈蚣七皂苷的提取动力学模型。对飞天蜈蚣七皂苷进行乙醇回流提取,在不同的液料比(体积质量比)、提取温度及提取时间等条件下,对提取液中皂苷的质量浓度进行检测。再根据该球形模型方程分别推算出了提取速率常数、活化能、相对萃余率、有效扩散系数等动力学函数值。根据该模型方程推算出的提取速率常数随着温度的升高逐渐增大,说明升温有利于加快飞天蜈蚣七皂苷的溶出;相对萃余率的求解表明飞天蜈蚣七皂苷的提取过程符合指数模型;随着温度的升高有效扩散系数增大,说明升温有利于皂苷的提取。研究得到的动力学函数值可为飞天蜈蚣七皂苷提取放大工艺以及相关理论研究提供一定的依据和参考。

The model of kinetics on the extraction of saponin from Aealia chinensis L. was established by using ball model based on Fick＇s second law of diffusion. Ethanol refluxing was chosen for saponin extraction from Aealia chinensis L. The mass concentration of saponin was analyzed under different ratio （volume to mass） of liquid to material, different temperatures and different extraction time. According to the model, the extraction process was analyzed to gain kinetic parameters such as rate constant, activation energy, yield and the effective diffusion coefficient. The result shows that the extraction rate constant is gradually increased with temperature rising, which indicates that a higher temperature helps to dissolve out saponin from Aralia chinensis L. The solution of yield indicates that the extraction process conforms to the exponential model. The effective diffusion coefficient is increased with temperature rising, which also indicates that a higher temperature helps to improve the extraction rate. The results can provide the valuable theory basis for the technical design and further research of saponin extraction process.