语际语“请求”言语行为的语用研究

An Interlanguage Pragmatic Study on Request Behavior

为研究中国大学英语学习者如何理解和实施"请求"言语行为,提高中国英语学习者的语用能力,130名中美大学生通过语篇补全测试问卷法参与本次调查。从请求中心行为语策略、探询句式和缓和修饰语3方面,比较和分析中美请求语的异同;探讨语言水平、语用迁移等因素,对语际语表现形式的影响。研究发现:中美大学生选择请求策略时共性较多,但在具体探询句式和缓和修饰语使用上差异较大。语言水平对语际语表现形式影响不明显,但是中国大学生都无法避免语用失误。

This paper is focusing on Chinese non-English majors and Americans＇ production of requests in English. The primary objective is to explore the features of Chinese non-English majors＇ interlanguage and the influence of pragmatic transfer and language proficiency on Chinese English learners＇ interlanguage. 100 Chinese English learners （CELs） and 30 American English speakers （AESs） participate in the present study. The data are collected by means of a modified written Discourse Completion Test, and the analysis is conducted statistically regarding request strategies, query preparatory modal and lexical downgraders. The result shows that CELs and AESs have more similarities in terms of choosing request strategies while the differences are noticeable with regards to query preparatory categories and lexical downgraders. In addition, results reveal that students＇ language proficiency plays a minor role in the appropriate demonstration of the interlanguage and pragmatic failure is inevitable in Chinese request behavior.