枣未成熟胚高效再生体系研究

An Efficient System for Plant Regeneration from Immature Embryo of Chinese Jujube

以枣树雄性不育3号(JMS3)和金芒果枣为材料,建立了枣树未成熟胚高效再生植株体系。对枣未成熟胚高效再生体系研究结果表明:枣未成熟胚可以通过直接萌发和经子叶发生愈伤两条途径再生完整植株,冷藏处理是促进未成熟胚直接成苗的有效方法。枣未成熟胚经0～4℃冷藏60d,接种在MS+蔗糖30g.L-1+琼脂3.3g.L-1培养基上,胚直接成苗率高达93.3%。将去除核壳时受损伤胚的子叶接种到MS+麦芽糖20g.L-1+琼脂3.3g.L-1+TDZ 1.0mg.L-1+NAA 0.2mg.L-1培养基上,40d后出愈率为98.9%。所得愈伤经MS+麦芽糖20g.L-1+琼脂3.3g.L-1+TDZ 1.0mg.L-1诱导40d后出芽率可达74.1%,丛生芽率达70.4%。在生根培养基1/2MS+蔗糖20g.L-1+琼脂3.3g.L-1+IBA1.0mg.L-1+IAA0.01mg.L-1上40d后生根率为80.8%。

An efficient system for plant regeneration from immature embryo of Chinese jujube was established by using two callivars of male sterile No. 3（JMS3） and ‘Jinmangguozao’. The results showed that the plant regeneration could be achieved by two types of procedures： direct embryo germination and generation of callus of cotyledon. Cold treatment could efficiently accelerate the direct plant regeneration from immature embryo. The plant regeneration rate of immature embryos, which were kept at 0-4 ℃ for 60 days and then inoculated in medium MS ＋ sugar 30 g · L^-1 ＋ agar 3.3 g · L^-1 , was as high as 93.3%. Callus could be induced from 98.9% of cotyledons damaged during smashing stones in medium MS ＋maltose 20 g g · L^-1＋agar 3.3 g · L^-1 ＋TDZ 1.0 g · L^-1＋NAA 0. 2 g · L^-1 within 40 days. Adventitious buds occurred in 74. 1% of the callus cultured in medium MS ＋ maltose 20 g · L^-1＋agar 3.3 g · L^-1 ＋TDZ 1.0 mg g · L^-1for 40 days with cluster buds rate of 70.4$. 1/2MS ＋ sugar 20 g · L^-1 ＋ agar 3.3 g · L^-1 ＋ IBA 1.0 g · L^-1 ＋ IAA 0.01 g · L^-1 was proper rooting medium and the rooting rate reached 80.8% in 40 days.