中国农村法律权威重建的思考

Thinking about Re-establishing of Legal Authority in Rural China

主要通过农村中出现的一些实际事例,说明中国农村中现存的一些主要问题。然后通过对中国农村治理模式的回溯以及其同现今治理模式的比较,指出现在农村这些问题出现的根本原因是传统的以士绅阶层组织的宗族势力为载体的伦理道德权威的消逝和计划经济时代国家直接干预的以人民公社为载体的国家政治权威的离场造成的农村权威的缺失。我们需要重建权威,但在现代国家的宪政和法治理念下,我们能够建立也必须建立的新的权威只能是法律权威。而这种法律权威的重建,在现在的农村不仅是必要的而且是可能的,我们可以通过一系列的制度建设来实现这种权威。

Through some facts in certain rural area, we can find some main problems in rural China. But in traditional Chinese, there is moral authority in rural areas, and in the planned economy era, there is national political authority in rural areas, and these problems did not exist. Why is this so？ Through analyzing the moral authority in traditional Chinese and the national political authority in the planned economy era, we can find that it is because authority in modern rural China is missing. So to solve these problems, we must re-establish the authority in rural China, and for some reason, this authority must be the legal authority.