新贸易理论、制度环境及贸易便利性

New Trade Theory,Institutional Environment and Trade Convenience:A Review

在经济全球化的驱动下,一国的外部经济活动与内部制度环境显然已密不可分。为了探求制度环境与国际贸易竞争力的确切关系,笔者整理近三十年来国内外知名学者在该领域的理论研究和实证检验,沿着传统贸易理论、新贸易理论及新新贸易理论的线路梳理了国际贸易理论的发展,聚焦贸易便利化概念,提炼制度的确切定义,进而将制度与贸易的关系简化为竞争机制的贸易开放、制度保障的贸易安全与贸易便利性的关系,最后界定制度环境与贸易竞争力的关系。研究显示,制度安全是国际贸易稳定发展、经济稳步前进的充分条件。

Under the influence of economic globalization, one nation＇s external business activities cannot be isolated from its internal institutional environment. Early in the 70s of last century, scholars pointed out that there was a direct causational relevance between international trade and institution. In recent years this issue is becoming a highlight in academic circle. To probe into how the institutional environment affects global trade competitiveness, this article provides a review of studies in this area by domestic and overseas scholars in the past 30 years. In light of traditional, new, and new-new trade theories, our review entails a discussion of such problems as the theoretical development of international trade, trade convenience, precise definition of institutions, relation between trade security and trade convenience warranted by systems, and relationship between institutional environment and trade competitiveness.