非戏剧化异故事叙述者的可靠性探析——以《珍妮姑娘》为例

Non-dramatic Narrator’s Reliability in the Heterodiegetique Narrative

一般认为,戏剧化叙述者的可靠性需要辨析,而非戏剧化叙述者是隐含作者的代言人,其可靠性则毋庸置疑。本文发现《珍妮姑娘》的叙述者作为非戏剧化叙述者,虽然在小说中只承担了叙事功能,但他具有可靠和不可靠的双重面貌。本文认为,考察叙述者是否可靠,不能简单地认为非戏剧化叙述者就是可靠的,也需要考察叙述者的价值判断与所叙事件所表现出来的隐含作者的价值判断之间的距离,当二者重合时,叙述者可靠,反之,不可靠。

It is generally held that reliability of a dramatic narrator needs to be carefully analyzed and that of a non-dramatic narrator as the author＇s mouthpiece is beyond doubt. It is found that the narrator of Jennie Gerhard, as the non-dramatic, has a dual nature--reliable and unreliable--although he only performs a narrative＇ function in the novel. We argue in this article that to identify the （un）reliability of the narrator, one cannot simply regard a non-dramatic narrator as reliable and instead we should consider the distance between the narrator＇s and the implied narrator＇s value judgment： when the two coincide, his nar- ration is reliable, otherwise, unreliable.