针对性健康教育对康复期精神分裂症患者及家属的作用

目的探讨有针对性健康教育对精神分裂症患者及家属的作用。方法本研究采用单纯随机对照研究设计。将216例符合《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准》的精神分裂症康复期患者及其家属随机分成研究组和对照组。对照组仅接受常规性健康教育,研究组进行有针对性的健康教育,为期6个月。采用简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、自知力与治疗态度问卷表(ITAQ)和自编治疗依从性问卷于健康教育前后对两组患者进行评定;采用精神症状自评量表(SLC-90)于健康教育前后对两组患者家属进行测评。结果实施针对性健康教育6个月后,研究组患者的简明精神病评定量表减分值高于对照组;研究组患者的自知力与治疗态度问卷和治疗依从性问卷减分值高于对照组;研究组患者家属的精神症状自评量表各因子减分值高于对照组。结论对康复期精神分裂症患者及其家属进行针对性的健康教育,有利于康复期精神分裂症患者的康复,能改善患者的治疗依从性;有利于改善患者家属的心理状况,从而促进患者社会功能的恢复。

Objective To investigate the effects of targeted healthy education for patients with schizophrenia in rehabilitation stage and their family members. Methods This study adopted simple randomized controlled design. 216 schizophrenia patients in rehabilitation stage who accorded with the diagnostic criteria of mental disorders of China and their family members were divided randomly into research group and control group. The research group received targeted healthy education and the control group received only conventional healthy education for 6 months. The brief psychiatric rating scale （BPRS）, the insight and treatment attitude questionnaire （ITAQ） and drug therapy compliance were assessed in the two groups before and after the education. The symptom checklist （SLC-90） was assessed in their family members of the two groups before and after the education. Results After the 6 months healthy education, the minus score of BPRS in research group was higher. The minus scores of ITAQ and drug therapy compliance in research group were higher. The factors minus scores of SLC-90 in family members of research group were higher. Conclusion The targeted health education was effective to improve the symptoms and therapy compliance of the patients with schizophrenia in rehabilitation stage. The targeted health education improved the psychological status of their family members and was beneficial to the recovery of social function in patients with schizophrenia.