重复肾输尿管畸形的超声诊断

目的探讨超声对重复肾输尿管畸形的声像图表现特征及诊断价值。方法经超声诊断重复肾输尿管畸形,并得到静脉肾盂造影(IVP)及手术(8例)证实的病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组28例,单侧25例(其中右侧10例,左侧15例),双侧3例。完全性的重复肾输尿管畸形15例,不完全性的重复肾输尿管畸形13例。重复肾无输尿管梗阻5例,重复肾合并输尿管梗阻23例。8例输尿管开口位置异常,重复输尿管末端囊肿5例,3例输尿管末端变细闭锁,合并输尿管结石8例,膀胱结石2例。本组2例误诊为肾上极囊肿;3例无积水重复肾漏诊,超声诊断符合率为82.14%(22/28)。结论超声对重复肾输尿管畸形具有较高的诊断符合率。超声检查对肾功能差、排泄性肾盂造影不明显的患者更有优势,能提供可靠的信息,是诊断该病较理想方法之一。

Objective To discuss the clinic value of ultrasound in diagnosis of duplication of kidney and ureter malformation. Methods Respective analysis of the cases with ultrasound diagnosis duplication of kidneys and ureter malformation, which were all confirmed by operation（8 cases） and IVP. Results There were 28 cases with diagnosis duplication of kidneys and ureter （one side 25, bilateral 3）.15 cases by complete duplication of ureter malformation ,13 cases by discomplete duplication of ureter malformation.5 cases by duplication of kidneys and no ureter ubstruction, 23 cases with ureter ubstruction, 8 cases by ureter bebounch malposition,5 cases by duplication of ureter with cyst,3 cases by ureter atresia, 8 cases by complication with ureteral calculus,2 cases by bladder stone. In these cases, 2 cases were misdiagnosis, 3 cases were missed diagnosis , the diagnosis coincidence of renal pelvis and ureter was 82.14%（22/28）. Conclusion Ultrasonic diagnosis has high diagnosis coincidence of renal pelvis and ureter malformation.Ultrasonic diagnosis is a ideal means for diagnosising in renal inadequacy.