卫生部全国细菌耐药监测网2010年东北地区细菌耐药监测

Ministry of Health National Antimicrobial Resistant Investigation Net 2010 annual report: Bacterial resistance surveillance in northeastern region of China

目的总结2010年东北地区临床分离细菌种类分布及耐药特点。方法常规方法分离病原菌;用API鉴定系统或自动化细菌鉴定仪,鉴定细菌至种的水平;K-B法或微量稀释法,测定药物的敏感性;用Whonet 5.6软件进行统计分析。结果 26家医院共分离出35154株细菌。其中,革兰阴性菌占75.6%;革兰阳性菌占24.4%。50.4%的细菌来源于痰标本。碳青霉烯类药物对大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和阴沟肠杆菌的耐药率均在10%以下。多粘菌素B对铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药率分别为2.8%和1.4%;米诺环素对鲍曼不动杆菌耐药率仅为10.6%。金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌耐甲氧西林菌株的分离率分别为57.4%和70.4%;未发现对万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的葡萄球菌。肠球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺和替考拉宁的耐药率为0～1.7%。结论细菌耐药形势严峻,需加强抗菌药物合理使用,并采取有效措施控制其传播。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resist- ance characteristics of isolates of 2010 in northeast region of China. Methods Isolates were cultured by routine method and identified by the API or automatic bacteria analysis system. K - B or MIC methods was used to detected the susceptibility of antibiotics. Whonet 5.6 software was used to data statistic and analyze. Results A total of 35154 isolates were collected in 26 hospitals from northeast region. 75.6% were gram - negative bacilli and 24.4% were gram - positive cocci. 50. 4% isolates from sputum. Resistance of carbapenems to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae were all less than 10%. Polymyxin B to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were 2. 8% and 1.4% respectively. Resistance of minocycline to Acinetobacter bau- mannii were 10. 6%. Prevalence of the methieillin - resistance strains of Staphyloccous aureus, Staphylococcus coagulase negative were 57.4% and 70. 4% respectively. All isolates of Staphyloccous were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. Resistance of Enterococcus spp to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin were 0 - 1.7%. Conclusion Special attention should be paid to rationally use of antimicrobial agents and to take effective measures for the control of the spread of resistant isolates.