舍温对母猪行为与仔猪保温箱利用率的影响

Impacts of room temperature on sow behaviour and creep box usage for pre-weaning piglet

为分析分娩猪舍温度与保温箱温度对母猪行为和哺乳仔猪保温箱利用率的影响,设置了高温(30.4℃)和低温(15.3℃)2个组,选取12头约克夏母猪(每组6头)进行了现场试验。结果表明,低温组的仔猪保温箱利用率(62.4%)较高,而高温组的仔猪保温箱利用率仅为1%;低温与高温组母猪从站立到躺卧的行为转换时间分别为4.0和3.4s(P<0.05)。低温组母猪坐立-腹卧或腹卧-坐立的行为转换频次比高温组母猪的低(P<0.01)。低温组未有仔猪被压死,而高温组的仔猪压死率达15.2%(P<0.001)。低温组的仔猪增重也相对较快。维持保温箱与分娩舍间适宜温差有利于提高仔猪的保温箱利用率,实现降低仔猪压死率的目的。

The research aims to obtain baseline information of the impacts of room temperature on lactating sow behaviour and pre-weaning piglet creep box usage. Twelve Yorkshire pregnant sows were randomly assigned to hot （30.4℃） and warm room temperature groups （15.3℃）, i.e. 6 sows per treatment. Results demonstrated the pre-weaning piglet creep box usage for warm litters （62.4%） was higher than that of hot litters （1%）. Sows from warm group had higher time partitioning （%） in standing and kneeling than that of sows from hot group. The warm sows showed longer transition （falling） time from standing to lying, as compared to the hot sows, respectively （4.0 s vs 3.4 s）. The frequency of posture transition from sitting to belly lying or versa of warm sows was lower than that of hot sows （P0.01）. No piglet was crushed in warm group, but there was a higher pre-weaning piglet crushing mortality （15.2%） in hot group. Piglet from warm group showed better growth performance and higher average daily gain than those from hot groups. The present study suggest a suitable temperature gradient between creep box and farrowing room was conducive to increasing the box usage and hence decreasing crushing mortality for pre-weaning piglets.