血管生长因子和结构蛋白在新疆哈萨克族破裂和未破裂颅内动脉瘤中的表达

Expression of angiogenic growth factors and structural proteins in Kazakh patients with ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms in Xinjiang

目的评价血管生长因子（VEGF，TGF-α）和结构蛋白（Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原，平滑肌肌动蛋白-α）在哈萨克族未破裂和破裂脑动脉瘤中的表达差异性，探讨脑动脉瘤生长和破裂的可能机制。方法对12例哈萨克族多发脑动脉瘤患者术中同时获得的12对破裂与未破裂动脉瘤标本和尸体中所获得的5例正常脑动脉标本进行血管因子（VEGF和TGF-α）和结构蛋白（Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原，平滑肌肌动蛋白-α）进行免疫组化学染色。结果VEGF在正常血管壁中无表达，在未破裂动脉瘤中表达较弱，而在破裂动脉瘤中表达较明显。TGF-α在正常血管壁中表达明显，在未破裂动脉瘤中表达较明显，而在破裂动脉瘤中表达较弱。Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原在正常血管壁中表达明显，而在未破裂动脉瘤中表达较明显，在破裂动脉瘤中表达较弱。SMC-α在正常动脉壁中表达明显，在未破裂动脉瘤中表达较明显，而在破裂动脉瘤中表达较弱。结论血管生长因子的异常表达和血管壁基质结构蛋白的降解是脑动脉瘤形成与破裂的主要机制之一。

Objective To evaluate differences in the expression of angiogenic growth factors（ VEGF and TGF-α） and structural proteins （Collagen Ⅲ Collagen Ⅳ, smooth muscle cell actin） in Kazakh patients with ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms in Xinjiang, to discuss the possible mechanism of cerebral aneurysm growth and rupture. Method Twelve paired specimens （ one ruptured and the other one was unruptured in same patient, total 24 specimens ） of cerebral aneurysms which of them obtained during the surgery for Kazakh patients with multiple cerebral aneurysms and the five specimen from the cadavers were immunohistologieally stained for angiogenie growth factors（ VEGF and TGF-α） and structural proteins （Collagen IU, Collagen Ⅳ and smooth muscle cell actin）. Results VEGF was not expressed in normal arterial walls, while expression was weak in unruptured ones and less significant in ruptured ones. TGF-α was expressed significantly in normal arterial walls, expressed less significantly in unruptured aneurysm walls, and expression was weak in ruptured ones. Type Ⅲ and Type Ⅳ Collagen were expressed significantly in the normal arterial walls, expression was became less significant in unruptured aneurysm walls and expression was weak in ruptured ones. Smooth muscle cell actin was expressed significantly in the normal arterial walls, expression became less significant in unruptured aneurysm walls and expression was weak in ruptured ones. Conclusions Abnormal expression of angiogenic growth factors and degradation of structural proteins are one of the key mechanisms of cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture.