电力需求侧响应利益联动机制的系统动力学模拟

Simulating the electric demand response profit linkage mechanism by system dynamics

考虑到在我国实施需求侧响应可能使得电网企业不能有效回收需求侧响应的成本,且由于发电公司实际上是需求侧响应的最大受益者,因此需要在电网企业和发电公司之间建立一个利益联动机制.运用系统动力学模型模拟发电公司和电网公司联动的行为对电力系统产生的效果,来证明这种利益联动机制存在的必要性.模拟系统将需求侧响应的利益链条分为用户子系统、电网子系统和发电子系统三个部分,通过层层建模剖析了各子系统内部和外部影响因素之间的关系.以某市电网的基础数据为例进行模型,模拟结果表明,如果设计合理,需求侧响应将为整个电力系统带来巨大的效益,而且发电公司应该积极参与到该机制中,因为他们的消极对待不仅会给其它主体带来不利影响,还会影响到公司自身的利益.

Because implementing demand response in China is not conductive for the electric power supply company to recover their costs, it is necessary to establish a profit linkage mechanism for linking the electric power generators＇ profits and electric power supply companies＇ loss. This will greatly promote the enthusiasm of electric power supply company. A system dynamics model is established to simulate the effects of this profit linkage mechanism on the whole electric power system. The simulating system divided the demand response profit chain into customer subsystem, electric power grid subsystem and electric power generators subsystem. The internal and external relationship among the relating factors was researched by modeling layer by layer. The simulation results show that if the profit linkage mechanism is designed rationally, demand response will play its largest role, and all the related bodies in the electric power system will be benefited, the electric power generators should also actively support this mechanism, for their negative response will not only hurt other bodies, but also hurt themselves.